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가상 머신에 Docker 셋팅

2025년 5월 11일 
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release
sudo mkdir -m 0755 -p /etc/apt/keyrings

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null


sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

아래 명령어로 정상 설치를 확인한다.

ubuntu@myserver01:/etc/apt/keyrings$ systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset>
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2025-05-09 07:35:36 UTC; 7min ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
       Docs: https://docs.docker.com
   Main PID: 3435 (dockerd)
      Tasks: 11
     Memory: 21.1M
        CPU: 48.336s
     CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
             └─3435 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/cont>

유저 모드 권한을준다.

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
[sudo] password for ubuntu:

버전을 확인한다.

ubuntu@myserver01:/$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           28.1.1
 API version:       1.49
 Go version:        go1.23.8
 Git commit:        4eba377
 Built:             Fri Apr 18 09:52:37 2025
 OS/Arch:           linux/arm64
 Context:           default
permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at unix:///var/run/docker.sock: Get "http://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdocker.sock/v1.49/version": dial unix /var/run/docker.sock: connect: permission denied

# 만약 위처럼 Server 버전이 안보이고, Client 버전만 보인다면 (권한 문제), 우분투 서버에서 로그아웃했다가 다시 로그인하면 sudo를 안 넣어도, 아래처럼 정상 동작할 것이다.
ubuntu@myserver01:~$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           28.1.1
 API version:       1.49
 Go version:        go1.23.8
 Git commit:        4eba377
 Built:             Fri Apr 18 09:52:37 2025
 OS/Arch:           linux/arm64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          28.1.1
  API version:      1.49 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.23.8
  Git commit:       01f442b
  Built:            Fri Apr 18 09:52:37 2025
  OS/Arch:          linux/arm64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.7.27
  GitCommit:        05044ec0a9a75232cad458027ca83437aae3f4da
 runc:
  Version:          1.2.5
  GitCommit:        v1.2.5-0-g59923ef
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

도커 생태계에도 hello world가 존재한다. 아래 명령어로 도커 정상 동작을 확인하자.

dubuntu@myserver01:/$ docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
c9c5fd25a1bd: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c41088499908a59aae84b0a49c70e86f4731e588a737f1637e73c8c09d995654
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (arm64v8)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

HyunJun Hwang